diff --git a/src/logging/parse-log-line.test.ts b/src/logging/parse-log-line.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..09da3a554
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/logging/parse-log-line.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+import { parseLogLine } from "./parse-log-line.js";
+
+describe("parseLogLine", () => {
+  it("parses structured JSON log lines", () => {
+    const line = JSON.stringify({
+      time: "2026-01-09T01:38:41.523Z",
+      0: '{"subsystem":"gateway/providers/whatsapp"}',
+      1: "connected",
+      _meta: {
+        name: '{"subsystem":"gateway/providers/whatsapp"}',
+        logLevelName: "INFO",
+      },
+    });
+
+    const parsed = parseLogLine(line);
+
+    expect(parsed).not.toBeNull();
+    expect(parsed?.time).toBe("2026-01-09T01:38:41.523Z");
+    expect(parsed?.level).toBe("info");
+    expect(parsed?.subsystem).toBe("gateway/providers/whatsapp");
+    expect(parsed?.message).toBe("{\"subsystem\":\"gateway/providers/whatsapp\"} connected");
+    expect(parsed?.raw).toBe(line);
+  });
+
+  it("falls back to meta timestamp when top-level time is missing", () => {
+    const line = JSON.stringify({
+      0: "hello",
+      _meta: {
+        name: "{\"subsystem\":\"gateway\"}",
+        logLevelName: "WARN",
+        date: "2026-01-09T02:10:00.000Z",
+      },
+    });
+
+    const parsed = parseLogLine(line);
+
+    expect(parsed?.time).toBe("2026-01-09T02:10:00.000Z");
+    expect(parsed?.level).toBe("warn");
+  });
+
+  it("returns null for invalid JSON", () => {
+    expect(parseLogLine("not-json")).toBeNull();
+  });
+});