diff --git a/src/commands/poll.test.ts b/src/commands/poll.test.ts
index 50b3ba5f6..89b8b5e07 100644
--- a/src/commands/poll.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/poll.test.ts
@@ -36,6 +36,9 @@ const deps: CliDeps = {
 describe("pollCommand", () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
     callGatewayMock.mockReset();
+    runtime.log.mockReset();
+    runtime.error.mockReset();
+    runtime.exit.mockReset();
     testConfig = {};
   });
 
@@ -74,4 +77,34 @@ describe("pollCommand", () => {
       | undefined;
     expect(args?.url).toBeUndefined();
   });
+
+  it("emits json output with gateway metadata", async () => {
+    callGatewayMock.mockResolvedValueOnce({ messageId: "p1", channelId: "C1" });
+    await pollCommand(
+      {
+        to: "channel:C1",
+        question: "hi?",
+        option: ["y", "n"],
+        provider: "discord",
+        json: true,
+      },
+      deps,
+      runtime,
+    );
+    const lastLog = runtime.log.mock.calls.at(-1)?.[0] as string | undefined;
+    expect(lastLog).toBeDefined();
+    const payload = JSON.parse(lastLog ?? "{}") as Record<string, unknown>;
+    expect(payload).toMatchObject({
+      provider: "discord",
+      via: "gateway",
+      to: "channel:C1",
+      messageId: "p1",
+      channelId: "C1",
+      mediaUrl: null,
+      question: "hi?",
+      options: ["y", "n"],
+      maxSelections: 1,
+      durationHours: null,
+    });
+  });
 });
diff --git a/src/commands/poll.ts b/src/commands/poll.ts
index 44f546c25..5927e4052 100644
--- a/src/commands/poll.ts
+++ b/src/commands/poll.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 import type { CliDeps } from "../cli/deps.js";
 import { callGateway, randomIdempotencyKey } from "../gateway/call.js";
 import { success } from "../globals.js";
+import {
+  buildOutboundDeliveryJson,
+  formatGatewaySummary,
+} from "../infra/outbound/format.js";
 import { normalizePollInput, type PollInput } from "../polls.js";
 import type { RuntimeEnv } from "../runtime.js";
 
@@ -74,19 +78,24 @@ export async function pollCommand(
 
   runtime.log(
     success(
-      `✅ Poll sent via gateway (${provider}). Message ID: ${result.messageId ?? "unknown"}`,
+      formatGatewaySummary({
+        action: "Poll sent",
+        provider,
+        messageId: result.messageId ?? null,
+      }),
     ),
   );
   if (opts.json) {
     runtime.log(
       JSON.stringify(
         {
-          provider,
-          via: "gateway",
-          to: opts.to,
-          toJid: result.toJid ?? null,
-          channelId: result.channelId ?? null,
-          messageId: result.messageId,
+          ...buildOutboundDeliveryJson({
+            provider,
+            via: "gateway",
+            to: opts.to,
+            result,
+            mediaUrl: null,
+          }),
           question: normalized.question,
           options: normalized.options,
           maxSelections: normalized.maxSelections,
diff --git a/src/commands/send.ts b/src/commands/send.ts
index 0e74698a6..b7543df0a 100644
--- a/src/commands/send.ts
+++ b/src/commands/send.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { success } from "../globals.js";
 import { deliverOutboundPayloads } from "../infra/outbound/deliver.js";
 import {
   buildOutboundDeliveryJson,
+  formatGatewaySummary,
   formatOutboundDeliverySummary,
 } from "../infra/outbound/format.js";
 import { resolveOutboundTarget } from "../infra/outbound/targets.js";
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ export async function sendCommand(
 
   runtime.log(
     success(
-      `✅ Sent via gateway. Message ID: ${result.messageId ?? "unknown"}`,
+      formatGatewaySummary({ provider, messageId: result.messageId ?? null }),
     ),
   );
   if (opts.json) {
diff --git a/src/infra/outbound/format.test.ts b/src/infra/outbound/format.test.ts
index 92e2beeb0..145d8b5eb 100644
--- a/src/infra/outbound/format.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/outbound/format.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 
 import {
   buildOutboundDeliveryJson,
+  formatGatewaySummary,
   formatOutboundDeliverySummary,
 } from "./format.js";
 
@@ -87,3 +88,21 @@ describe("buildOutboundDeliveryJson", () => {
     });
   });
 });
+
+describe("formatGatewaySummary", () => {
+  it("formats gateway summaries with provider", () => {
+    expect(
+      formatGatewaySummary({ provider: "whatsapp", messageId: "m1" }),
+    ).toBe("✅ Sent via gateway (whatsapp). Message ID: m1");
+  });
+
+  it("supports custom actions", () => {
+    expect(
+      formatGatewaySummary({
+        action: "Poll sent",
+        provider: "discord",
+        messageId: "p1",
+      }),
+    ).toBe("✅ Poll sent via gateway (discord). Message ID: p1");
+  });
+});
diff --git a/src/infra/outbound/format.ts b/src/infra/outbound/format.ts
index b8104ce95..7d7817dcb 100644
--- a/src/infra/outbound/format.ts
+++ b/src/infra/outbound/format.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,14 @@ export type OutboundDeliveryJson = {
   toJid?: string;
 };
 
+type OutboundDeliveryMeta = {
+  messageId?: string;
+  chatId?: string;
+  channelId?: string;
+  timestamp?: number;
+  toJid?: string;
+};
+
 const resolveProviderLabel = (provider: string) =>
   provider === "imessage" ? "iMessage" : provider;
 
@@ -34,7 +42,7 @@ export function formatOutboundDeliverySummary(
 export function buildOutboundDeliveryJson(params: {
   provider: string;
   to: string;
-  result?: OutboundDeliveryResult;
+  result?: OutboundDeliveryMeta | OutboundDeliveryResult;
   via?: "direct" | "gateway";
   mediaUrl?: string | null;
 }): OutboundDeliveryJson {
@@ -48,12 +56,21 @@ export function buildOutboundDeliveryJson(params: {
     mediaUrl: params.mediaUrl ?? null,
   };
 
-  if (result && "chatId" in result) payload.chatId = result.chatId;
-  if (result && "channelId" in result) payload.channelId = result.channelId;
-  if (result && "timestamp" in result && result.timestamp !== undefined) {
-    payload.timestamp = result.timestamp;
-  }
-  if (result && "toJid" in result) payload.toJid = result.toJid;
+  if (result?.chatId !== undefined) payload.chatId = result.chatId;
+  if (result?.channelId !== undefined) payload.channelId = result.channelId;
+  if (result?.timestamp !== undefined) payload.timestamp = result.timestamp;
+  if (result?.toJid !== undefined) payload.toJid = result.toJid;
 
   return payload;
 }
+
+export function formatGatewaySummary(params: {
+  action?: string;
+  provider?: string;
+  messageId?: string | null;
+}): string {
+  const action = params.action ?? "Sent";
+  const providerSuffix = params.provider ? ` (${params.provider})` : "";
+  const messageId = params.messageId ?? "unknown";
+  return `✅ ${action} via gateway${providerSuffix}. Message ID: ${messageId}`;
+}