Merge pull request #567 from erikpr1994/fix/gemini-schema-sanitization

fix(agents): remove unsupported JSON Schema keywords for Cloud Code Assist API

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 - Heartbeat: resolve Telegram account IDs from config-only tokens; cron tool accepts canonical `jobId` and legacy `id` for job actions. (#516) — thanks @YuriNachos
 - Discord: stop provider when gateway reconnects are exhausted and surface errors. (#514) — thanks @joshp123
 - Agents: strip empty assistant text blocks from session history to avoid Claude API 400s. (#210)
+- Agents: scrub unsupported JSON Schema keywords from tool schemas for Cloud Code Assist API compatibility. (#567) — thanks @erikpr1994
 - Auto-reply: preserve block reply ordering with timeout fallback for streaming. (#503) — thanks @joshp123
 - Auto-reply: block reply ordering fix (duplicate PR superseded by #503). (#483) — thanks @AbhisekBasu1
 - Auto-reply: avoid splitting outbound chunks inside parentheses. (#499) — thanks @philipp-spiess

src/agents/bash-tools.test.ts

@@ -50,35 +50,40 @@ beforeEach(() => {
 });
 
 describe("bash tool backgrounding", () => {
-  it("backgrounds after yield and can be polled", async () => {
+  it(
-    const result = await bashTool.execute("call1", {
+    "backgrounds after yield and can be polled",
-      command: joinCommands([yieldDelayCmd, "echo done"]),
+    async () => {
-      yieldMs: 10,
+      const result = await bashTool.execute("call1", {
-    });
+        command: joinCommands([yieldDelayCmd, "echo done"]),
-
+        yieldMs: 10,
-    expect(result.details.status).toBe("running");
-    const sessionId = (result.details as { sessionId: string }).sessionId;
-
-    let status = "running";
-    let output = "";
-    const deadline = Date.now() + (process.platform === "win32" ? 8000 : 2000);
-
-    while (Date.now() < deadline && status === "running") {
-      const poll = await processTool.execute("call2", {
-        action: "poll",
-        sessionId,
       });
-      status = (poll.details as { status: string }).status;
-      const textBlock = poll.content.find((c) => c.type === "text");
-      output = textBlock?.text ?? "";
-      if (status === "running") {
-        await sleep(20);
-      }
-    }
 
-    expect(status).toBe("completed");
+      expect(result.details.status).toBe("running");
-    expect(output).toContain("done");
+      const sessionId = (result.details as { sessionId: string }).sessionId;
-  });
+
+      let status = "running";
+      let output = "";
+      const deadline =
+        Date.now() + (process.platform === "win32" ? 8000 : 2000);
+
+      while (Date.now() < deadline && status === "running") {
+        const poll = await processTool.execute("call2", {
+          action: "poll",
+          sessionId,
+        });
+        status = (poll.details as { status: string }).status;
+        const textBlock = poll.content.find((c) => c.type === "text");
+        output = textBlock?.text ?? "";
+        if (status === "running") {
+          await sleep(20);
+        }
+      }
+
+      expect(status).toBe("completed");
+      expect(output).toContain("done");
+    },
+    isWin ? 15_000 : 5_000,
+  );
 
   it("supports explicit background", async () => {
     const result = await bashTool.execute("call1", {

src/agents/bash-tools.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import type { AgentTool, AgentToolResult } from "@mariozechner/pi-agent-core";
 import { Type } from "@sinclair/typebox";
 
 import { logInfo } from "../logger.js";
+import { sliceUtf16Safe } from "../utils.js";
 import {
   addSession,
   appendOutput,
@@ -1041,7 +1042,7 @@ function chunkString(input: string, limit = CHUNK_LIMIT) {
 function truncateMiddle(str: string, max: number) {
   if (str.length <= max) return str;
   const half = Math.floor((max - 3) / 2);
-  return `${str.slice(0, half)}...${str.slice(str.length - half)}`;
+  return `${sliceUtf16Safe(str, 0, half)}...${sliceUtf16Safe(str, -half)}`;
 }
 
 function sliceLogLines(

src/agents/pi-embedded-subscribe.ts

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { resolveStateDir } from "../config/paths.js";
 import { emitAgentEvent } from "../infra/agent-events.js";
 import { createSubsystemLogger } from "../logging.js";
 import { splitMediaFromOutput } from "../media/parse.js";
+import { truncateUtf16Safe } from "../utils.js";
 import type { BlockReplyChunking } from "./pi-embedded-block-chunker.js";
 import { EmbeddedBlockChunker } from "./pi-embedded-block-chunker.js";
 import { isMessagingToolDuplicate } from "./pi-embedded-helpers.js";
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ type MessagingToolSend = {
 
 function truncateToolText(text: string): string {
   if (text.length <= TOOL_RESULT_MAX_CHARS) return text;
-  return `${text.slice(0, TOOL_RESULT_MAX_CHARS)}\n…(truncated)…`;
+  return `${truncateUtf16Safe(text, TOOL_RESULT_MAX_CHARS)}\n…(truncated)…`;
 }
 
 function sanitizeToolResult(result: unknown): unknown {

src/agents/pi-tools.test.ts

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import path from "node:path";
 
 import sharp from "sharp";
 import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
-import { createClawdbotCodingTools } from "./pi-tools.js";
+import { __testing, createClawdbotCodingTools } from "./pi-tools.js";
 import { createBrowserTool } from "./tools/browser-tool.js";
 
 describe("createClawdbotCodingTools", () => {
@@ -64,6 +64,28 @@ describe("createClawdbotCodingTools", () => {
     expect(format?.enum).toEqual(["aria", "ai"]);
   });
 
+  it("inlines local $ref before removing unsupported keywords", () => {
+    const cleaned = __testing.cleanToolSchemaForGemini({
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        foo: { $ref: "#/$defs/Foo" },
+      },
+      $defs: {
+        Foo: { type: "string", enum: ["a", "b"] },
+      },
+    }) as {
+      $defs?: unknown;
+      properties?: Record<string, unknown>;
+    };
+
+    expect(cleaned.$defs).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(cleaned.properties).toBeDefined();
+    expect(cleaned.properties?.foo).toMatchObject({
+      type: "string",
+      enum: ["a", "b"],
+    });
+  });
+
   it("preserves action enums in normalized schemas", () => {
     const tools = createClawdbotCodingTools();
     const toolNames = [
@@ -331,4 +353,52 @@ describe("createClawdbotCodingTools", () => {
     expect(tools.some((tool) => tool.name === "Bash")).toBe(true);
     expect(tools.some((tool) => tool.name === "browser")).toBe(false);
   });
+
+  it("removes unsupported JSON Schema keywords for Cloud Code Assist API compatibility", () => {
+    const tools = createClawdbotCodingTools();
+
+    // Helper to recursively check schema for unsupported keywords
+    const unsupportedKeywords = new Set([
+      "patternProperties",
+      "additionalProperties",
+      "$schema",
+      "$id",
+      "$ref",
+      "$defs",
+      "definitions",
+    ]);
+
+    const findUnsupportedKeywords = (
+      schema: unknown,
+      path: string,
+    ): string[] => {
+      const found: string[] = [];
+      if (!schema || typeof schema !== "object") return found;
+      if (Array.isArray(schema)) {
+        schema.forEach((item, i) => {
+          found.push(...findUnsupportedKeywords(item, `${path}[${i}]`));
+        });
+        return found;
+      }
+      for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(
+        schema as Record<string, unknown>,
+      )) {
+        if (unsupportedKeywords.has(key)) {
+          found.push(`${path}.${key}`);
+        }
+        if (value && typeof value === "object") {
+          found.push(...findUnsupportedKeywords(value, `${path}.${key}`));
+        }
+      }
+      return found;
+    };
+
+    for (const tool of tools) {
+      const violations = findUnsupportedKeywords(
+        tool.parameters,
+        `${tool.name}.parameters`,
+      );
+      expect(violations).toEqual([]);
+    }
+  });
 });

src/agents/pi-tools.ts

@@ -195,12 +195,122 @@ function tryFlattenLiteralAnyOf(
   return null;
 }
 
-function cleanSchemaForGemini(schema: unknown): unknown {
+// Keywords that Cloud Code Assist API rejects (not compliant with their JSON Schema subset)
+const UNSUPPORTED_SCHEMA_KEYWORDS = new Set([
+  "patternProperties",
+  "additionalProperties",
+  "$schema",
+  "$id",
+  "$ref",
+  "$defs",
+  "definitions",
+]);
+
+type SchemaDefs = Map<string, unknown>;
+
+function extendSchemaDefs(
+  defs: SchemaDefs | undefined,
+  schema: Record<string, unknown>,
+): SchemaDefs | undefined {
+  const defsEntry =
+    schema.$defs &&
+    typeof schema.$defs === "object" &&
+    !Array.isArray(schema.$defs)
+      ? (schema.$defs as Record<string, unknown>)
+      : undefined;
+  const legacyDefsEntry =
+    schema.definitions &&
+    typeof schema.definitions === "object" &&
+    !Array.isArray(schema.definitions)
+      ? (schema.definitions as Record<string, unknown>)
+      : undefined;
+
+  if (!defsEntry && !legacyDefsEntry) return defs;
+
+  const next = defs ? new Map(defs) : new Map<string, unknown>();
+  if (defsEntry) {
+    for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(defsEntry)) next.set(key, value);
+  }
+  if (legacyDefsEntry) {
+    for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(legacyDefsEntry))
+      next.set(key, value);
+  }
+  return next;
+}
+
+function decodeJsonPointerSegment(segment: string): string {
+  return segment.replaceAll("~1", "/").replaceAll("~0", "~");
+}
+
+function tryResolveLocalRef(
+  ref: string,
+  defs: SchemaDefs | undefined,
+): unknown | undefined {
+  if (!defs) return undefined;
+  const match = ref.match(/^#\/(?:\$defs|definitions)\/(.+)$/);
+  if (!match) return undefined;
+  const name = decodeJsonPointerSegment(match[1] ?? "");
+  if (!name) return undefined;
+  return defs.get(name);
+}
+
+function cleanSchemaForGeminiWithDefs(
+  schema: unknown,
+  defs: SchemaDefs | undefined,
+  refStack: Set<string> | undefined,
+): unknown {
   if (!schema || typeof schema !== "object") return schema;
-  if (Array.isArray(schema)) return schema.map(cleanSchemaForGemini);
+  if (Array.isArray(schema)) {
+    return schema.map((item) =>
+      cleanSchemaForGeminiWithDefs(item, defs, refStack),
+    );
+  }
 
   const obj = schema as Record<string, unknown>;
+  const nextDefs = extendSchemaDefs(defs, obj);
+
+  const refValue = typeof obj.$ref === "string" ? obj.$ref : undefined;
+  if (refValue) {
+    if (refStack?.has(refValue)) {
+      return {};
+    }
+
+    const resolved = tryResolveLocalRef(refValue, nextDefs);
+    if (resolved) {
+      const nextRefStack = refStack ? new Set(refStack) : new Set<string>();
+      nextRefStack.add(refValue);
+
+      const cleaned = cleanSchemaForGeminiWithDefs(
+        resolved,
+        nextDefs,
+        nextRefStack,
+      );
+      if (!cleaned || typeof cleaned !== "object" || Array.isArray(cleaned)) {
+        return cleaned;
+      }
+
+      const result: Record<string, unknown> = {
+        ...(cleaned as Record<string, unknown>),
+      };
+      for (const key of ["description", "title", "default", "examples"]) {
+        if (key in obj && obj[key] !== undefined) {
+          result[key] = obj[key];
+        }
+      }
+      return result;
+    }
+
+    const result: Record<string, unknown> = {};
+    for (const key of ["description", "title", "default", "examples"]) {
+      if (key in obj && obj[key] !== undefined) {
+        result[key] = obj[key];
+      }
+    }
+    return result;
+  }
+
   const hasAnyOf = "anyOf" in obj && Array.isArray(obj.anyOf);
+  const hasOneOf = "oneOf" in obj && Array.isArray(obj.oneOf);
 
   // Try to flatten anyOf of literals to a single enum BEFORE processing
   // This handles Type.Union([Type.Literal("a"), Type.Literal("b")]) patterns
@@ -221,14 +331,28 @@ function cleanSchemaForGemini(schema: unknown): unknown {
     }
   }
 
+  // Try to flatten oneOf of literals similarly
+  if (hasOneOf) {
+    const flattened = tryFlattenLiteralAnyOf(obj.oneOf as unknown[]);
+    if (flattened) {
+      const result: Record<string, unknown> = {
+        type: flattened.type,
+        enum: flattened.enum,
+      };
+      for (const key of ["description", "title", "default", "examples"]) {
+        if (key in obj && obj[key] !== undefined) {
+          result[key] = obj[key];
+        }
+      }
+      return result;
+    }
+  }
+
   const cleaned: Record<string, unknown> = {};
 
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(obj)) {
-    // Skip unsupported schema features for Gemini:
+    // Skip keywords that Cloud Code Assist API doesn't support
-    // - patternProperties: not in OpenAPI 3.0 subset
+    if (UNSUPPORTED_SCHEMA_KEYWORDS.has(key)) {
-    // - const: convert to enum with single value instead
-    if (key === "patternProperties") {
-      // Gemini doesn't support patternProperties - skip it
       continue;
     }
 
@@ -238,8 +362,8 @@ function cleanSchemaForGemini(schema: unknown): unknown {
       continue;
     }
 
-    // Skip 'type' if we have 'anyOf' — Gemini doesn't allow both
+    // Skip 'type' if we have 'anyOf' or 'oneOf' — Gemini doesn't allow both
-    if (key === "type" && hasAnyOf) {
+    if (key === "type" && (hasAnyOf || hasOneOf)) {
       continue;
     }
 
@@ -247,27 +371,29 @@ function cleanSchemaForGemini(schema: unknown): unknown {
       // Recursively clean nested properties
       const props = value as Record<string, unknown>;
       cleaned[key] = Object.fromEntries(
-        Object.entries(props).map(([k, v]) => [k, cleanSchemaForGemini(v)]),
+        Object.entries(props).map(([k, v]) => [
+          k,
+          cleanSchemaForGeminiWithDefs(v, nextDefs, refStack),
+        ]),
       );
     } else if (key === "items" && value && typeof value === "object") {
       // Recursively clean array items schema
-      cleaned[key] = cleanSchemaForGemini(value);
+      cleaned[key] = cleanSchemaForGeminiWithDefs(value, nextDefs, refStack);
     } else if (key === "anyOf" && Array.isArray(value)) {
       // Clean each anyOf variant
-      cleaned[key] = value.map((variant) => cleanSchemaForGemini(variant));
+      cleaned[key] = value.map((variant) =>
+        cleanSchemaForGeminiWithDefs(variant, nextDefs, refStack),
+      );
     } else if (key === "oneOf" && Array.isArray(value)) {
       // Clean each oneOf variant
-      cleaned[key] = value.map((variant) => cleanSchemaForGemini(variant));
+      cleaned[key] = value.map((variant) =>
+        cleanSchemaForGeminiWithDefs(variant, nextDefs, refStack),
+      );
     } else if (key === "allOf" && Array.isArray(value)) {
       // Clean each allOf variant
-      cleaned[key] = value.map((variant) => cleanSchemaForGemini(variant));
+      cleaned[key] = value.map((variant) =>
-    } else if (
+        cleanSchemaForGeminiWithDefs(variant, nextDefs, refStack),
-      key === "additionalProperties" &&
+      );
-      value &&
-      typeof value === "object"
-    ) {
-      // Recursively clean additionalProperties schema
-      cleaned[key] = cleanSchemaForGemini(value);
     } else {
       cleaned[key] = value;
     }
@@ -276,6 +402,18 @@ function cleanSchemaForGemini(schema: unknown): unknown {
   return cleaned;
 }
 
+function cleanSchemaForGemini(schema: unknown): unknown {
+  if (!schema || typeof schema !== "object") return schema;
+  if (Array.isArray(schema)) return schema.map(cleanSchemaForGemini);
+
+  const defs = extendSchemaDefs(undefined, schema as Record<string, unknown>);
+  return cleanSchemaForGeminiWithDefs(schema, defs, undefined);
+}
+
+function cleanToolSchemaForGemini(schema: Record<string, unknown>): unknown {
+  return cleanSchemaForGemini(schema);
+}
+
 function normalizeToolParameters(tool: AnyAgentTool): AnyAgentTool {
   const schema =
     tool.parameters && typeof tool.parameters === "object"
@@ -613,6 +751,10 @@ function createClawdbotReadTool(base: AnyAgentTool): AnyAgentTool {
   };
 }
 
+export const __testing = {
+  cleanToolSchemaForGemini,
+} as const;
+
 export function createClawdbotCodingTools(options?: {
   bash?: BashToolDefaults & ProcessToolDefaults;
   messageProvider?: string;

src/config/types.ts

@@ -1202,16 +1202,16 @@ export type AgentDefaultsConfig = {
     every?: string;
     /** Heartbeat model override (provider/model). */
     model?: string;
-    /** Delivery target (last|whatsapp|telegram|discord|signal|imessage|none). */
+    /** Delivery target (last|whatsapp|telegram|discord|slack|msteams|signal|imessage|none). */
     target?:
       | "last"
       | "whatsapp"
       | "telegram"
       | "discord"
       | "slack"
+      | "msteams"
       | "signal"
       | "imessage"
-      | "msteams"
       | "none";
     /** Optional delivery override (E.164 for WhatsApp, chat id for Telegram). */
     to?: string;

src/config/zod-schema.ts

@@ -601,6 +601,7 @@ const HeartbeatSchema = z
         z.literal("telegram"),
         z.literal("discord"),
         z.literal("slack"),
+        z.literal("msteams"),
         z.literal("signal"),
         z.literal("imessage"),
         z.literal("none"),

src/cron/isolated-agent.ts

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ import {
 import { registerAgentRunContext } from "../infra/agent-events.js";
 import { parseTelegramTarget } from "../telegram/targets.js";
 import { resolveTelegramToken } from "../telegram/token.js";
-import { normalizeE164 } from "../utils.js";
+import { normalizeE164, truncateUtf16Safe } from "../utils.js";
 import type { CronJob } from "./types.js";
 
 export type RunCronAgentTurnResult = {
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ function pickSummaryFromOutput(text: string | undefined) {
   const clean = (text ?? "").trim();
   if (!clean) return undefined;
   const limit = 2000;
-  return clean.length > limit ? `${clean.slice(0, limit)}…` : clean;
+  return clean.length > limit ? `${truncateUtf16Safe(clean, limit)}…` : clean;
 }
 
 function pickSummaryFromPayloads(

src/cron/service.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import crypto from "node:crypto";
 
+import { truncateUtf16Safe } from "../utils.js";
 import { computeNextRunAtMs } from "./schedule.js";
 import { loadCronStore, saveCronStore } from "./store.js";
 import type {
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ function normalizeOptionalText(raw: unknown) {
 
 function truncateText(input: string, maxLen: number) {
   if (input.length <= maxLen) return input;
-  return `${input.slice(0, Math.max(0, maxLen - 1)).trimEnd()}…`;
+  return `${truncateUtf16Safe(input, Math.max(0, maxLen - 1)).trimEnd()}…`;
 }
 
 function inferLegacyName(job: {

src/discord/monitor.ts

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ import {
 } from "../routing/resolve-route.js";
 import { resolveThreadSessionKeys } from "../routing/session-key.js";
 import type { RuntimeEnv } from "../runtime.js";
+import { truncateUtf16Safe } from "../utils.js";
 import { loadWebMedia } from "../web/media.js";
 import { resolveDiscordAccount } from "./accounts.js";
 import { chunkDiscordText } from "./chunk.js";
@@ -1017,7 +1018,10 @@ export function createDiscordMessageHandler(params: {
       }
 
       if (shouldLogVerbose()) {
-        const preview = combinedBody.slice(0, 200).replace(/\n/g, "\\n");
+        const preview = truncateUtf16Safe(combinedBody, 200).replace(
+          /\n/g,
+          "\\n",
+        );
         logVerbose(
           `discord inbound: channel=${message.channelId} from=${ctxPayload.From} preview="${preview}"`,
         );

src/imessage/monitor.ts

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import {
 } from "../pairing/pairing-store.js";
 import { resolveAgentRoute } from "../routing/resolve-route.js";
 import type { RuntimeEnv } from "../runtime.js";
+import { truncateUtf16Safe } from "../utils.js";
 import { resolveIMessageAccount } from "./accounts.js";
 import { createIMessageRpcClient } from "./client.js";
 import { sendMessageIMessage } from "./send.js";
@@ -413,7 +414,7 @@ export async function monitorIMessageProvider(
     }
 
     if (shouldLogVerbose()) {
-      const preview = body.slice(0, 200).replace(/\n/g, "\\n");
+      const preview = truncateUtf16Safe(body, 200).replace(/\n/g, "\\n");
       logVerbose(
         `imessage inbound: chatId=${chatId ?? "unknown"} from=${ctxPayload.From} len=${body.length} preview="${preview}"`,
       );

src/logging.ts

@@ -503,13 +503,19 @@ function formatConsoleLine(opts: {
 }
 
 function writeConsoleLine(level: Level, line: string) {
+  const sanitized =
+    process.platform === "win32" && process.env.GITHUB_ACTIONS === "true"
+      ? line
+          .replace(/[\uD800-\uDBFF][\uDC00-\uDFFF]/g, "?")
+          .replace(/[\uD800-\uDFFF]/g, "?")
+      : line;
   const sink = rawConsole ?? console;
   if (forceConsoleToStderr || level === "error" || level === "fatal") {
-    (sink.error ?? console.error)(line);
+    (sink.error ?? console.error)(sanitized);
   } else if (level === "warn") {
-    (sink.warn ?? console.warn)(line);
+    (sink.warn ?? console.warn)(sanitized);
   } else {
-    (sink.log ?? console.log)(line);
+    (sink.log ?? console.log)(sanitized);
   }
 }
 

src/msteams/monitor.ts

@@ -55,10 +55,11 @@ export async function monitorMSTeamsProvider(
   const port = msteamsCfg.webhook?.port ?? 3978;
   const textLimit = resolveTextChunkLimit(cfg, "msteams");
   const MB = 1024 * 1024;
+  const agentDefaults = cfg.agents?.defaults;
   const mediaMaxBytes =
-    typeof cfg.agents?.defaults?.mediaMaxMb === "number" &&
+    typeof agentDefaults?.mediaMaxMb === "number" &&
-    cfg.agents.defaults.mediaMaxMb > 0
+    agentDefaults.mediaMaxMb > 0
-      ? Math.floor(cfg.agents.defaults.mediaMaxMb * MB)
+      ? Math.floor(agentDefaults.mediaMaxMb * MB)
       : 8 * MB;
   const conversationStore =
     opts.conversationStore ?? createMSTeamsConversationStoreFs();

src/utils.ts

@@ -95,6 +95,61 @@ export function sleep(ms: number) {
   return new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
 }
 
+function isHighSurrogate(codeUnit: number): boolean {
+  return codeUnit >= 0xd800 && codeUnit <= 0xdbff;
+}
+
+function isLowSurrogate(codeUnit: number): boolean {
+  return codeUnit >= 0xdc00 && codeUnit <= 0xdfff;
+}
+
+export function sliceUtf16Safe(
+  input: string,
+  start: number,
+  end?: number,
+): string {
+  const len = input.length;
+
+  let from = start < 0 ? Math.max(len + start, 0) : Math.min(start, len);
+  let to =
+    end === undefined
+      ? len
+      : end < 0
+        ? Math.max(len + end, 0)
+        : Math.min(end, len);
+
+  if (to < from) {
+    const tmp = from;
+    from = to;
+    to = tmp;
+  }
+
+  if (from > 0 && from < len) {
+    const codeUnit = input.charCodeAt(from);
+    if (
+      isLowSurrogate(codeUnit) &&
+      isHighSurrogate(input.charCodeAt(from - 1))
+    ) {
+      from += 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (to > 0 && to < len) {
+    const codeUnit = input.charCodeAt(to - 1);
+    if (isHighSurrogate(codeUnit) && isLowSurrogate(input.charCodeAt(to))) {
+      to -= 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return input.slice(from, to);
+}
+
+export function truncateUtf16Safe(input: string, maxLen: number): string {
+  const limit = Math.max(0, Math.floor(maxLen));
+  if (input.length <= limit) return input;
+  return sliceUtf16Safe(input, 0, limit);
+}
+
 export function resolveUserPath(input: string): string {
   const trimmed = input.trim();
   if (!trimmed) return trimmed;

test/setup.ts

@@ -2,18 +2,26 @@ import fs from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 
+import { installWindowsCIOutputSanitizer } from "./windows-ci-output-sanitizer";
+
+installWindowsCIOutputSanitizer();
+
 const originalHome = process.env.HOME;
 const originalUserProfile = process.env.USERPROFILE;
 const originalXdgConfigHome = process.env.XDG_CONFIG_HOME;
 const originalXdgDataHome = process.env.XDG_DATA_HOME;
 const originalXdgStateHome = process.env.XDG_STATE_HOME;
 const originalXdgCacheHome = process.env.XDG_CACHE_HOME;
+const originalStateDir = process.env.CLAWDBOT_STATE_DIR;
 const originalTestHome = process.env.CLAWDBOT_TEST_HOME;
 
 const tempHome = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "clawdbot-test-home-"));
 process.env.HOME = tempHome;
 process.env.USERPROFILE = tempHome;
 process.env.CLAWDBOT_TEST_HOME = tempHome;
+if (process.platform === "win32") {
+  process.env.CLAWDBOT_STATE_DIR = path.join(tempHome, ".clawdbot");
+}
 process.env.XDG_CONFIG_HOME = path.join(tempHome, ".config");
 process.env.XDG_DATA_HOME = path.join(tempHome, ".local", "share");
 process.env.XDG_STATE_HOME = path.join(tempHome, ".local", "state");
@@ -31,6 +39,7 @@ process.on("exit", () => {
   restoreEnv("XDG_DATA_HOME", originalXdgDataHome);
   restoreEnv("XDG_STATE_HOME", originalXdgStateHome);
   restoreEnv("XDG_CACHE_HOME", originalXdgCacheHome);
+  restoreEnv("CLAWDBOT_STATE_DIR", originalStateDir);
   restoreEnv("CLAWDBOT_TEST_HOME", originalTestHome);
   try {
     fs.rmSync(tempHome, { recursive: true, force: true });

test/vitest-global-setup.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import { installWindowsCIOutputSanitizer } from "./windows-ci-output-sanitizer";
+
+export default function globalSetup() {
+  installWindowsCIOutputSanitizer();
+}

test/windows-ci-output-sanitizer.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+import fs from "node:fs";
+
+function sanitizeWindowsCIOutput(text: string): string {
+  return text
+    .replace(/[\uD800-\uDBFF][\uDC00-\uDFFF]/g, "?")
+    .replace(/[\uD800-\uDFFF]/g, "?");
+}
+
+function decodeUtf8Text(chunk: unknown): string | null {
+  if (typeof chunk === "string") return chunk;
+  if (Buffer.isBuffer(chunk)) return chunk.toString("utf-8");
+  if (chunk instanceof Uint8Array) return Buffer.from(chunk).toString("utf-8");
+  if (chunk instanceof ArrayBuffer) return Buffer.from(chunk).toString("utf-8");
+  if (ArrayBuffer.isView(chunk)) {
+    return Buffer.from(
+      chunk.buffer,
+      chunk.byteOffset,
+      chunk.byteLength,
+    ).toString("utf-8");
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+export function installWindowsCIOutputSanitizer(): void {
+  if (process.platform !== "win32") return;
+  if (process.env.GITHUB_ACTIONS !== "true") return;
+
+  const globalKey = "__clawdbotWindowsCIOutputSanitizerInstalled";
+  if ((globalThis as Record<string, unknown>)[globalKey] === true) return;
+  (globalThis as Record<string, unknown>)[globalKey] = true;
+
+  const originalStdoutWrite = process.stdout.write.bind(process.stdout);
+  const originalStderrWrite = process.stderr.write.bind(process.stderr);
+
+  process.stdout.write = ((chunk: unknown, ...args: unknown[]) => {
+    const text = decodeUtf8Text(chunk);
+    if (text !== null)
+      return originalStdoutWrite(sanitizeWindowsCIOutput(text), ...args);
+    return originalStdoutWrite(chunk as never, ...args); // passthrough
+  }) as typeof process.stdout.write;
+
+  process.stderr.write = ((chunk: unknown, ...args: unknown[]) => {
+    const text = decodeUtf8Text(chunk);
+    if (text !== null)
+      return originalStderrWrite(sanitizeWindowsCIOutput(text), ...args);
+    return originalStderrWrite(chunk as never, ...args); // passthrough
+  }) as typeof process.stderr.write;
+
+  const originalWriteSync = fs.writeSync.bind(fs);
+  fs.writeSync = ((fd: number, data: unknown, ...args: unknown[]) => {
+    if (fd === 1 || fd === 2) {
+      const text = decodeUtf8Text(data);
+      if (text !== null) {
+        return originalWriteSync(fd, sanitizeWindowsCIOutput(text), ...args);
+      }
+    }
+    return originalWriteSync(fd, data as never, ...(args as never[]));
+  }) as typeof fs.writeSync;
+}

vitest.config.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ export default defineConfig({
   test: {
     include: ["src/**/*.test.ts", "test/format-error.test.ts"],
     setupFiles: ["test/setup.ts"],
+    globalSetup: ["test/vitest-global-setup.ts"],
     exclude: [
       "dist/**",
       "apps/macos/**",