diff --git a/src/msteams/conversation-store-fs.ts b/src/msteams/conversation-store-fs.ts
index f1891fa3a..3b1b3bc93 100644
--- a/src/msteams/conversation-store-fs.ts
+++ b/src/msteams/conversation-store-fs.ts
@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 import crypto from "node:crypto";
 import fs from "node:fs";
-import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 
 import lockfile from "proper-lockfile";
 
-import { resolveStateDir } from "../config/paths.js";
 import type {
   MSTeamsConversationStore,
   MSTeamsConversationStoreEntry,
   StoredConversationReference,
 } from "./conversation-store.js";
+import { resolveMSTeamsStorePath } from "./storage.js";
 
 type ConversationStoreData = {
   version: 1;
@@ -34,16 +33,6 @@ const STORE_LOCK_OPTIONS = {
   stale: 30_000,
 } as const;
 
-function resolveStorePath(
-  env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = process.env,
-  homedir?: () => string,
-): string {
-  const stateDir = homedir
-    ? resolveStateDir(env, homedir)
-    : resolveStateDir(env);
-  return path.join(stateDir, STORE_FILENAME);
-}
-
 function safeParseJson<T>(raw: string): T | null {
   try {
     return JSON.parse(raw) as T;
@@ -167,11 +156,17 @@ export function createMSTeamsConversationStoreFs(params?: {
   env?: NodeJS.ProcessEnv;
   homedir?: () => string;
   ttlMs?: number;
+  stateDir?: string;
+  storePath?: string;
 }): MSTeamsConversationStore {
-  const env = params?.env ?? process.env;
-  const homedir = params?.homedir ?? os.homedir;
   const ttlMs = params?.ttlMs ?? CONVERSATION_TTL_MS;
-  const filePath = resolveStorePath(env, homedir);
+  const filePath = resolveMSTeamsStorePath({
+    filename: STORE_FILENAME,
+    env: params?.env,
+    homedir: params?.homedir,
+    stateDir: params?.stateDir,
+    storePath: params?.storePath,
+  });
 
   const empty: ConversationStoreData = { version: 1, conversations: {} };
 
diff --git a/src/msteams/monitor-handler.ts b/src/msteams/monitor-handler.ts
index 72b524f3f..05476f700 100644
--- a/src/msteams/monitor-handler.ts
+++ b/src/msteams/monitor-handler.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { formatAgentEnvelope } from "../auto-reply/envelope.js";
 import { dispatchReplyFromConfig } from "../auto-reply/reply/dispatch-from-config.js";
-import { createReplyDispatcherWithTyping } from "../auto-reply/reply/reply-dispatcher.js";
 import type { ClawdbotConfig } from "../config/types.js";
 import { danger, logVerbose, shouldLogVerbose } from "../globals.js";
 import { enqueueSystemEvent } from "../infra/system-events.js";
@@ -23,11 +22,7 @@ import type {
   MSTeamsConversationStore,
   StoredConversationReference,
 } from "./conversation-store.js";
-import {
-  classifyMSTeamsSendError,
-  formatMSTeamsSendErrorHint,
-  formatUnknownError,
-} from "./errors.js";
+import { formatUnknownError } from "./errors.js";
 import {
   extractMSTeamsConversationMessageId,
   normalizeMSTeamsConversationId,
@@ -35,24 +30,16 @@ import {
   stripMSTeamsMentionTags,
   wasMSTeamsBotMentioned,
 } from "./inbound.js";
-import {
-  type MSTeamsAdapter,
-  renderReplyPayloadsToMessages,
-  sendMSTeamsMessages,
-} from "./messenger.js";
+import type { MSTeamsAdapter } from "./messenger.js";
+import type { MSTeamsMonitorLogger } from "./monitor-types.js";
 import {
   resolveMSTeamsReplyPolicy,
   resolveMSTeamsRouteConfig,
 } from "./policy.js";
 import { extractMSTeamsPollVote, type MSTeamsPollStore } from "./polls.js";
+import { createMSTeamsReplyDispatcher } from "./reply-dispatcher.js";
 import type { MSTeamsTurnContext } from "./sdk-types.js";
 
-export type MSTeamsMonitorLogger = {
-  debug: (message: string, meta?: Record<string, unknown>) => void;
-  info: (message: string, meta?: Record<string, unknown>) => void;
-  error: (message: string, meta?: Record<string, unknown>) => void;
-};
-
 export type MSTeamsAccessTokenProvider = {
   getAccessToken: (scope: string) => Promise<string>;
 };
@@ -456,59 +443,18 @@ function createMSTeamsMessageHandler(deps: MSTeamsMessageHandlerDeps) {
       );
     }
 
-    // Send typing indicator
-    const sendTypingIndicator = async () => {
-      try {
-        await context.sendActivities([{ type: "typing" }]);
-      } catch {
-        // Typing indicator is best-effort.
-      }
-    };
-
     // Create reply dispatcher
     const { dispatcher, replyOptions, markDispatchIdle } =
-      createReplyDispatcherWithTyping({
-        responsePrefix: cfg.messages?.responsePrefix,
-        deliver: async (payload) => {
-          const messages = renderReplyPayloadsToMessages([payload], {
-            textChunkLimit: textLimit,
-            chunkText: true,
-            mediaMode: "split",
-          });
-          await sendMSTeamsMessages({
-            replyStyle,
-            adapter,
-            appId,
-            conversationRef,
-            context,
-            messages,
-            // Enable default retry/backoff for throttling/transient failures.
-            retry: {},
-            onRetry: (event) => {
-              log.debug("retrying send", {
-                replyStyle,
-                ...event,
-              });
-            },
-          });
-        },
-        onError: (err, info) => {
-          const errMsg = formatUnknownError(err);
-          const classification = classifyMSTeamsSendError(err);
-          const hint = formatMSTeamsSendErrorHint(classification);
-          runtime.error?.(
-            danger(
-              `msteams ${info.kind} reply failed: ${errMsg}${hint ? ` (${hint})` : ""}`,
-            ),
-          );
-          log.error("reply failed", {
-            kind: info.kind,
-            error: errMsg,
-            classification,
-            hint,
-          });
-        },
-        onReplyStart: sendTypingIndicator,
+      createMSTeamsReplyDispatcher({
+        cfg,
+        runtime,
+        log,
+        adapter,
+        appId,
+        conversationRef,
+        context,
+        replyStyle,
+        textLimit,
       });
 
     // Dispatch to agent
diff --git a/src/msteams/monitor-types.ts b/src/msteams/monitor-types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..014081ffd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/msteams/monitor-types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+export type MSTeamsMonitorLogger = {
+  debug: (message: string, meta?: Record<string, unknown>) => void;
+  info: (message: string, meta?: Record<string, unknown>) => void;
+  error: (message: string, meta?: Record<string, unknown>) => void;
+};
diff --git a/src/msteams/monitor.ts b/src/msteams/monitor.ts
index b00de330a..f859daaa2 100644
--- a/src/msteams/monitor.ts
+++ b/src/msteams/monitor.ts
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { formatUnknownError } from "./errors.js";
 import type { MSTeamsAdapter } from "./messenger.js";
 import { registerMSTeamsHandlers } from "./monitor-handler.js";
 import { createMSTeamsPollStoreFs, type MSTeamsPollStore } from "./polls.js";
+import { createMSTeamsAdapter, loadMSTeamsSdkWithAuth } from "./sdk.js";
 import { resolveMSTeamsCredentials } from "./token.js";
 
 const log = getChildLogger({ name: "msteams" });
@@ -65,25 +66,14 @@ export async function monitorMSTeamsProvider(
   log.info(`starting provider (port ${port})`);
 
   // Dynamic import to avoid loading SDK when provider is disabled
-  const agentsHosting = await import("@microsoft/agents-hosting");
   const express = await import("express");
 
-  const {
-    ActivityHandler,
-    CloudAdapter,
-    MsalTokenProvider,
-    authorizeJWT,
-    getAuthConfigWithDefaults,
-  } = agentsHosting;
+  const { sdk, authConfig } = await loadMSTeamsSdkWithAuth(creds);
+  const { ActivityHandler, MsalTokenProvider, authorizeJWT } = sdk;
 
   // Auth configuration - create early so adapter is available for deliverReplies
-  const authConfig = getAuthConfigWithDefaults({
-    clientId: creds.appId,
-    clientSecret: creds.appPassword,
-    tenantId: creds.tenantId,
-  });
   const tokenProvider = new MsalTokenProvider(authConfig);
-  const adapter = new CloudAdapter(authConfig);
+  const adapter = createMSTeamsAdapter(authConfig, sdk);
 
   const handler = registerMSTeamsHandlers(new ActivityHandler(), {
     cfg,
diff --git a/src/msteams/polls-store-memory.test.ts b/src/msteams/polls-store-memory.test.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index ba1f9cf69..000000000
--- a/src/msteams/polls-store-memory.test.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
-
-import { createMSTeamsPollStoreMemory } from "./polls-store-memory.js";
-
-describe("msteams poll memory store", () => {
-  it("stores polls and records normalized votes", async () => {
-    const store = createMSTeamsPollStoreMemory();
-    await store.createPoll({
-      id: "poll-1",
-      question: "Lunch?",
-      options: ["Pizza", "Sushi"],
-      maxSelections: 1,
-      createdAt: new Date().toISOString(),
-      votes: {},
-    });
-
-    const poll = await store.recordVote({
-      pollId: "poll-1",
-      voterId: "user-1",
-      selections: ["0", "1"],
-    });
-
-    expect(poll?.votes["user-1"]).toEqual(["0"]);
-  });
-});
diff --git a/src/msteams/polls-store.test.ts b/src/msteams/polls-store.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..554067ffd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/msteams/polls-store.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import fs from "node:fs";
+import os from "node:os";
+import path from "node:path";
+
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+import { createMSTeamsPollStoreFs } from "./polls.js";
+import { createMSTeamsPollStoreMemory } from "./polls-store-memory.js";
+
+const createFsStore = async () => {
+  const stateDir = await fs.promises.mkdtemp(
+    path.join(os.tmpdir(), "clawdbot-msteams-polls-"),
+  );
+  return createMSTeamsPollStoreFs({ stateDir });
+};
+
+const createMemoryStore = () => createMSTeamsPollStoreMemory();
+
+describe.each([
+  { name: "memory", createStore: createMemoryStore },
+  { name: "fs", createStore: createFsStore },
+])("$name poll store", ({ createStore }) => {
+  it("stores polls and records normalized votes", async () => {
+    const store = await createStore();
+    await store.createPoll({
+      id: "poll-1",
+      question: "Lunch?",
+      options: ["Pizza", "Sushi"],
+      maxSelections: 1,
+      createdAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+      votes: {},
+    });
+
+    const poll = await store.recordVote({
+      pollId: "poll-1",
+      voterId: "user-1",
+      selections: ["0", "1"],
+    });
+
+    expect(poll?.votes["user-1"]).toEqual(["0"]);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/src/msteams/polls.ts b/src/msteams/polls.ts
index 3ad65c41d..9a7c9dc6e 100644
--- a/src/msteams/polls.ts
+++ b/src/msteams/polls.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import path from "node:path";
 
 import lockfile from "proper-lockfile";
 
-import { resolveStateDir } from "../config/paths.js";
+import { resolveMSTeamsStorePath } from "./storage.js";
 
 export type MSTeamsPollVote = {
   pollId: string;
@@ -239,19 +239,6 @@ export type MSTeamsPollStoreFsOptions = {
   storePath?: string;
 };
 
-function resolveStorePath(params?: MSTeamsPollStoreFsOptions): string {
-  if (params?.storePath) {
-    return params.storePath;
-  }
-  if (params?.stateDir) {
-    return path.join(params.stateDir, STORE_FILENAME);
-  }
-  const stateDir = params?.homedir
-    ? resolveStateDir(params.env ?? process.env, params.homedir)
-    : resolveStateDir(params?.env ?? process.env);
-  return path.join(stateDir, STORE_FILENAME);
-}
-
 function safeParseJson<T>(raw: string): T | null {
   try {
     return JSON.parse(raw) as T;
@@ -364,7 +351,13 @@ export function normalizeMSTeamsPollSelections(
 export function createMSTeamsPollStoreFs(
   params?: MSTeamsPollStoreFsOptions,
 ): MSTeamsPollStore {
-  const filePath = resolveStorePath(params);
+  const filePath = resolveMSTeamsStorePath({
+    filename: STORE_FILENAME,
+    env: params?.env,
+    homedir: params?.homedir,
+    stateDir: params?.stateDir,
+    storePath: params?.storePath,
+  });
   const empty: PollStoreData = { version: 1, polls: {} };
 
   const readStore = async (): Promise<PollStoreData> => {
diff --git a/src/msteams/probe.ts b/src/msteams/probe.ts
index 44c36287a..887eef688 100644
--- a/src/msteams/probe.ts
+++ b/src/msteams/probe.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import type { MSTeamsConfig } from "../config/types.js";
 import { formatUnknownError } from "./errors.js";
+import { loadMSTeamsSdkWithAuth } from "./sdk.js";
 import { resolveMSTeamsCredentials } from "./token.js";
 
 export type ProbeMSTeamsResult = {
@@ -20,16 +21,8 @@ export async function probeMSTeams(
   }
 
   try {
-    const { MsalTokenProvider, getAuthConfigWithDefaults } = await import(
-      "@microsoft/agents-hosting"
-    );
-    const authConfig = getAuthConfigWithDefaults({
-      clientId: creds.appId,
-      clientSecret: creds.appPassword,
-      tenantId: creds.tenantId,
-    });
-
-    const tokenProvider = new MsalTokenProvider(authConfig);
+    const { sdk, authConfig } = await loadMSTeamsSdkWithAuth(creds);
+    const tokenProvider = new sdk.MsalTokenProvider(authConfig);
     await tokenProvider.getAccessToken("https://api.botframework.com/.default");
     return { ok: true, appId: creds.appId };
   } catch (err) {
diff --git a/src/msteams/reply-dispatcher.ts b/src/msteams/reply-dispatcher.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bf0300461
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/msteams/reply-dispatcher.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+import { createReplyDispatcherWithTyping } from "../auto-reply/reply/reply-dispatcher.js";
+import type { ClawdbotConfig, MSTeamsReplyStyle } from "../config/types.js";
+import { danger } from "../globals.js";
+import type { RuntimeEnv } from "../runtime.js";
+import type { StoredConversationReference } from "./conversation-store.js";
+import {
+  classifyMSTeamsSendError,
+  formatMSTeamsSendErrorHint,
+  formatUnknownError,
+} from "./errors.js";
+import {
+  type MSTeamsAdapter,
+  renderReplyPayloadsToMessages,
+  sendMSTeamsMessages,
+} from "./messenger.js";
+import type { MSTeamsMonitorLogger } from "./monitor-types.js";
+import type { MSTeamsTurnContext } from "./sdk-types.js";
+
+export function createMSTeamsReplyDispatcher(params: {
+  cfg: ClawdbotConfig;
+  runtime: RuntimeEnv;
+  log: MSTeamsMonitorLogger;
+  adapter: MSTeamsAdapter;
+  appId: string;
+  conversationRef: StoredConversationReference;
+  context: MSTeamsTurnContext;
+  replyStyle: MSTeamsReplyStyle;
+  textLimit: number;
+}) {
+  const sendTypingIndicator = async () => {
+    try {
+      await params.context.sendActivities([{ type: "typing" }]);
+    } catch {
+      // Typing indicator is best-effort.
+    }
+  };
+
+  return createReplyDispatcherWithTyping({
+    responsePrefix: params.cfg.messages?.responsePrefix,
+    deliver: async (payload) => {
+      const messages = renderReplyPayloadsToMessages([payload], {
+        textChunkLimit: params.textLimit,
+        chunkText: true,
+        mediaMode: "split",
+      });
+      await sendMSTeamsMessages({
+        replyStyle: params.replyStyle,
+        adapter: params.adapter,
+        appId: params.appId,
+        conversationRef: params.conversationRef,
+        context: params.context,
+        messages,
+        // Enable default retry/backoff for throttling/transient failures.
+        retry: {},
+        onRetry: (event) => {
+          params.log.debug("retrying send", {
+            replyStyle: params.replyStyle,
+            ...event,
+          });
+        },
+      });
+    },
+    onError: (err, info) => {
+      const errMsg = formatUnknownError(err);
+      const classification = classifyMSTeamsSendError(err);
+      const hint = formatMSTeamsSendErrorHint(classification);
+      params.runtime.error?.(
+        danger(
+          `msteams ${info.kind} reply failed: ${errMsg}${hint ? ` (${hint})` : ""}`,
+        ),
+      );
+      params.log.error("reply failed", {
+        kind: info.kind,
+        error: errMsg,
+        classification,
+        hint,
+      });
+    },
+    onReplyStart: sendTypingIndicator,
+  });
+}
diff --git a/src/msteams/sdk.ts b/src/msteams/sdk.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2d0f7a959
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/msteams/sdk.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import type { MSTeamsAdapter } from "./messenger.js";
+import type { MSTeamsCredentials } from "./token.js";
+
+export type MSTeamsSdk = Awaited<
+  ReturnType<typeof import("@microsoft/agents-hosting")>
+>;
+
+export async function loadMSTeamsSdk(): Promise<MSTeamsSdk> {
+  return await import("@microsoft/agents-hosting");
+}
+
+export function buildMSTeamsAuthConfig(
+  creds: MSTeamsCredentials,
+  sdk: MSTeamsSdk,
+) {
+  return sdk.getAuthConfigWithDefaults({
+    clientId: creds.appId,
+    clientSecret: creds.appPassword,
+    tenantId: creds.tenantId,
+  });
+}
+
+export function createMSTeamsAdapter(
+  authConfig: unknown,
+  sdk: MSTeamsSdk,
+): MSTeamsAdapter {
+  return new sdk.CloudAdapter(authConfig) as unknown as MSTeamsAdapter;
+}
+
+export async function loadMSTeamsSdkWithAuth(creds: MSTeamsCredentials) {
+  const sdk = await loadMSTeamsSdk();
+  const authConfig = buildMSTeamsAuthConfig(creds, sdk);
+  return { sdk, authConfig };
+}
diff --git a/src/msteams/send.ts b/src/msteams/send.ts
index 88f2138ac..dde3b3945 100644
--- a/src/msteams/send.ts
+++ b/src/msteams/send.ts
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import {
   sendMSTeamsMessages,
 } from "./messenger.js";
 import { buildMSTeamsPollCard } from "./polls.js";
+import { createMSTeamsAdapter, loadMSTeamsSdkWithAuth } from "./sdk.js";
 import { resolveMSTeamsCredentials } from "./token.js";
 
 let _log: ReturnType<typeof getChildLoggerFn> | undefined;
@@ -156,17 +157,8 @@ async function resolveMSTeamsSendContext(params: {
   const { conversationId, ref } = found;
   const log = await getLog();
 
-  // Dynamic import to avoid loading SDK when not needed
-  const agentsHosting = await import("@microsoft/agents-hosting");
-  const { CloudAdapter, getAuthConfigWithDefaults } = agentsHosting;
-
-  const authConfig = getAuthConfigWithDefaults({
-    clientId: creds.appId,
-    clientSecret: creds.appPassword,
-    tenantId: creds.tenantId,
-  });
-
-  const adapter = new CloudAdapter(authConfig);
+  const { sdk, authConfig } = await loadMSTeamsSdkWithAuth(creds);
+  const adapter = createMSTeamsAdapter(authConfig, sdk);
 
   return {
     appId: creds.appId,
diff --git a/src/msteams/storage.ts b/src/msteams/storage.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9b625d4b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/msteams/storage.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import path from "node:path";
+
+import { resolveStateDir } from "../config/paths.js";
+
+export type MSTeamsStorePathOptions = {
+  env?: NodeJS.ProcessEnv;
+  homedir?: () => string;
+  stateDir?: string;
+  storePath?: string;
+  filename: string;
+};
+
+export function resolveMSTeamsStorePath(
+  params: MSTeamsStorePathOptions,
+): string {
+  if (params.storePath) return params.storePath;
+  if (params.stateDir) return path.join(params.stateDir, params.filename);
+
+  const env = params.env ?? process.env;
+  const stateDir = params.homedir
+    ? resolveStateDir(env, params.homedir)
+    : resolveStateDir(env);
+  return path.join(stateDir, params.filename);
+}