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Project Introduction

Phone Agent is a mobile intelligent assistant framework built on AutoGLM. It understands phone screen content in a multimodal manner and helps users complete tasks through automated operations. The system controls devices via ADB (Android Debug Bridge), perceives screens using vision-language models, and generates and executes operation workflows through intelligent planning. Users simply describe their needs in natural language, such as "Open Xiaohongshu and search for food," and Phone Agent will automatically parse the intent, understand the current interface, plan the next action, and complete the entire workflow. The system also includes a sensitive operation confirmation mechanism and supports manual takeover during login or verification code scenarios. Additionally, it provides remote ADB debugging capabilities, allowing device connection via WiFi or network for flexible remote control and development.

⚠️ This project is for research and learning purposes only. It is strictly prohibited to use for illegal information acquisition, system interference, or any illegal activities. Please carefully review the Terms of Use.

Model Download Links

Model	Download Links
AutoGLM-Phone-9B	🤗 Hugging Face 🤖 ModelScope
AutoGLM-Phone-9B-Multilingual	🤗 Hugging Face 🤖 ModelScope

AutoGLM-Phone-9B is optimized for Chinese mobile applications, while AutoGLM-Phone-9B-Multilingual supports English scenarios and is suitable for applications containing English or other language content.

Environment Setup

1. Python Environment

Python 3.10 or higher is recommended.

2. ADB (Android Debug Bridge)

1. Download the official ADB installation package and extract it to a custom path
2. Configure environment variables

• MacOS configuration: In Terminal or any command line tool

  # Assuming the extracted directory is ~/Downloads/platform-tools. Adjust the command if different.
  export PATH=${PATH}:~/Downloads/platform-tools
  

• Windows configuration: Refer to third-party tutorials for configuration.

3. Android 7.0+ Device or Emulator with Developer Mode and USB Debugging Enabled

1. Enable Developer Mode: The typical method is to find Settings > About Phone > Build Number and tap it rapidly about 10 times until a popup shows "Developer mode has been enabled." This may vary slightly between phones; search online for tutorials if you can't find it.
2. Enable USB Debugging: After enabling Developer Mode, go to Settings > Developer Options > USB Debugging and enable it
3. Some devices may require a restart after setting developer options for them to take effect. You can test by connecting your phone to your computer via USB cable and running adb devices to see if device information appears. If not, the connection has failed.

Please carefully check the relevant permissions

4. Install ADB Keyboard (for Text Input)

Download the installation package and install it on the corresponding Android device. Note: After installation, you need to enable ADB Keyboard in Settings > Input Method or Settings > Keyboard List for it to work.

Deployment Preparation

1. Install Dependencies

pip install -r requirements.txt 
pip install -e .

2. Configure ADB

Make sure your USB cable supports data transfer, not just charging.

Ensure ADB is installed and connect the device via USB cable:

# Check connected devices
adb devices

# Output should show your device, e.g.:
# List of devices attached
# emulator-5554   device

3. Start Model Service

1. Download the model and install the inference engine framework according to the For Model Deployment section in requirements.txt.
2. Start via SGlang / vLLM to get an OpenAI-format service. Here's a vLLM deployment solution; please strictly follow the startup parameters we provide:

• vLLM:

python3 -m vllm.entrypoints.openai.api_server \
 --served-model-name autoglm-phone-9b \
 --allowed-local-media-path /   \
 --mm-encoder-tp-mode data \
 --mm_processor_cache_type shm \
 --mm_processor_kwargs "{\"max_pixels\":5000000}" \
 --max-model-len 25480  \
 --chat-template-content-format string \
 --limit-mm-per-prompt "{\"image\":10}" \
 --model zai-org/AutoGLM-Phone-9B \
 --port 8000

• This model has the same architecture as GLM-4.1V-9B-Thinking. For detailed information about model deployment, you can also check GLM-V for model deployment and usage guides.

• After successful startup, the model service will be accessible at http://localhost:8000/v1. If you deploy the model on a remote server, access it using that server's IP address.

Using AutoGLM

Command Line

Set the --base-url and --model parameters according to your deployed model. For example:

# Interactive mode
python main.py --base-url http://localhost:8000/v1 --model "autoglm-phone-9b"

# Specify model endpoint
python main.py --base-url http://localhost:8000/v1 "Open Meituan and search for nearby hotpot restaurants"

# Use API key for authentication
python main.py --apikey sk-xxxxx

# Use English system prompt
python main.py --lang en --base-url http://localhost:8000/v1 "Open Chrome browser"

# List supported apps
python main.py --list-apps

Python API

from phone_agent import PhoneAgent
from phone_agent.model import ModelConfig

# Configure model
model_config = ModelConfig(
    base_url="http://localhost:8000/v1",
    model_name="autoglm-phone-9b",
)

# Create Agent
agent = PhoneAgent(model_config=model_config)

# Execute task
result = agent.run("Open Taobao and search for wireless earbuds")
print(result)

Remote Debugging

Phone Agent supports remote ADB debugging via WiFi/network, allowing device control without a USB connection.

Configure Remote Debugging

Enable Wireless Debugging on Phone

Ensure the phone and computer are on the same WiFi network, as shown below:

Use Standard ADB Commands on Computer

# Connect via WiFi, replace with the IP address and port shown on your phone
adb connect 192.168.1.100:5555

# Verify connection
adb devices
# Should show: 192.168.1.100:5555    device

Device Management Commands

# List all connected devices
adb devices

# Connect to remote device
adb connect 192.168.1.100:5555

# Disconnect specific device
adb disconnect 192.168.1.100:5555

# Execute task on specific device
python main.py --device-id 192.168.1.100:5555 --base-url http://localhost:8000/v1 --model "autoglm-phone-9b" "Open TikTok and browse videos"

Python API Remote Connection

from phone_agent.adb import ADBConnection, list_devices

# Create connection manager
conn = ADBConnection()

# Connect to remote device
success, message = conn.connect("192.168.1.100:5555")
print(f"Connection status: {message}")

# List connected devices
devices = list_devices()
for device in devices:
    print(f"{device.device_id} - {device.connection_type.value}")

# Enable TCP/IP on USB device
success, message = conn.enable_tcpip(5555)
ip = conn.get_device_ip()
print(f"Device IP: {ip}")

# Disconnect
conn.disconnect("192.168.1.100:5555")

Remote Connection Troubleshooting

Connection Refused:

• Ensure the device and computer are on the same network
• Check if the firewall is blocking port 5555
• Confirm TCP/IP mode is enabled: adb tcpip 5555

Connection Dropped:

• WiFi may have disconnected; use --connect to reconnect
• Some devices disable TCP/IP after restart; re-enable via USB

Multiple Devices:

• Use --device-id to specify which device to use
• Or use --list-devices to view all connected devices

Configuration

Custom SYSTEM PROMPT

The system provides both Chinese and English prompts, switchable via the --lang parameter:

• --lang cn - Chinese prompt (default), config file: phone_agent/config/prompts_zh.py
• --lang en - English prompt, config file: phone_agent/config/prompts_en.py

You can directly modify the corresponding config files to enhance model capabilities in specific domains or disable certain apps by injecting app names.

Environment Variables

Variable	Description	Default Value
PHONE_AGENT_BASE_URL	Model API URL	http://localhost:8000/v1
PHONE_AGENT_MODEL	Model name	autoglm-phone-9b
PHONE_AGENT_API_KEY	API key for authentication	EMPTY
PHONE_AGENT_MAX_STEPS	Maximum steps per task	100
PHONE_AGENT_DEVICE_ID	ADB device ID	(auto-detect)
PHONE_AGENT_LANG	Language (cn or en)	cn

Model Configuration

from phone_agent.model import ModelConfig

config = ModelConfig(
    base_url="http://localhost:8000/v1",
    api_key="EMPTY",  # API key (if required)
    model_name="autoglm-phone-9b",  # Model name
    max_tokens=3000,  # Maximum output tokens
    temperature=0.1,  # Sampling temperature
    frequency_penalty=0.2,  # Frequency penalty
)

Agent Configuration

from phone_agent.agent import AgentConfig

config = AgentConfig(
    max_steps=100,  # Maximum steps per task
    device_id=None,  # ADB device ID (None for auto-detect)
    lang="cn",  # Language: cn (Chinese) or en (English)
    verbose=True,  # Print debug info (including thinking process and actions)
)

Verbose Mode Output

When verbose=True, the Agent outputs detailed information at each step:

==================================================
💭 Thinking Process:
--------------------------------------------------
Currently on the system desktop, need to launch Xiaohongshu app first
--------------------------------------------------
🎯 Executing Action:
{
  "_metadata": "do",
  "action": "Launch",
  "app": "Xiaohongshu"
}
==================================================

... (continues to next step after executing action)

==================================================
💭 Thinking Process:
--------------------------------------------------
Xiaohongshu is now open, need to tap the search box
--------------------------------------------------
🎯 Executing Action:
{
  "_metadata": "do",
  "action": "Tap",
  "element": [500, 100]
}
==================================================

🎉 ================================================
✅ Task Complete: Successfully searched for food guides
==================================================

This allows you to clearly see the AI's reasoning process and specific operations at each step.

Supported Apps

Phone Agent supports 50+ mainstream Chinese applications:

Category	Apps
Social & Messaging	WeChat, QQ, Weibo
E-commerce	Taobao, JD.com, Pinduoduo
Food & Delivery	Meituan, Ele.me, KFC
Travel	Ctrip, 12306, Did
Video & Entertainment	Bilibili, TikTok, iQiyi
Music & Audio	NetEase Music, QQ Music, Ximalaya
Life Services	Dianping, Amap, Baidu Maps
Content Communities	Xiaohongshu, Zhihu, Douban

Run python main.py --list-apps to see the complete list.

Available Actions

The Agent can perform the following actions:

Action	Description
Launch	Launch an app
Tap	Tap at specified coordinates
Type	Input text
Swipe	Swipe the screen
Back	Go back to previous page
Home	Return to home screen
Long Press	Long press
Double Tap	Double tap
Wait	Wait for page to load
Take_over	Request manual takeover (login/captcha)

Custom Callbacks

Handle sensitive operation confirmation and manual takeover:

def my_confirmation(message: str) -> bool:
    """Sensitive operation confirmation callback"""
    return input(f"Confirm execution of {message}? (y/n): ").lower() == "y"


def my_takeover(message: str) -> None:
    """Manual takeover callback"""
    print(f"Please complete manually: {message}")
    input("Press Enter after completion...")


agent = PhoneAgent(
    confirmation_callback=my_confirmation,
    takeover_callback=my_takeover,
)

Examples

Check the examples/ directory for more usage examples:

• basic_usage.py - Basic task execution
• Single-step debugging mode
• Batch task execution
• Custom callbacks

Development

Set Up Development Environment

Development requires dev dependencies:

pip install -e ".[dev]"

Run Tests

pytest tests/

Complete Project Structure

phone_agent/
├── __init__.py          # Package exports
├── agent.py             # PhoneAgent main class
├── adb/                 # ADB utilities
│   ├── connection.py    # Remote/local connection management
│   ├── screenshot.py    # Screen capture
│   ├── input.py         # Text input (ADB Keyboard)
│   └── device.py        # Device control (tap, swipe, etc.)
├── actions/             # Action handling
│   └── handler.py       # Action executor
├── config/              # Configuration
│   ├── apps.py          # Supported app mappings
│   ├── prompts_zh.py    # Chinese system prompts
│   └── prompts_en.py    # English system prompts
└── model/               # AI model client
    └── client.py        # OpenAI-compatible client

FAQ

Here are some common issues and their solutions:

Device Not Found

Try resolving by restarting the ADB service:

adb kill-server
adb start-server
adb devices

Text Input Not Working

1. Ensure ADB Keyboard is installed on the device
2. Enable it in Settings > System > Language & Input > Virtual Keyboard
3. The Agent will automatically switch to ADB Keyboard when input is needed

Screenshot Failed (Black Screen)

This usually means the app is displaying a sensitive page (payment, password, banking apps). The Agent will automatically detect this and request manual takeover.

Windows Encoding Issues

Error message like UnicodeEncodeError gbk code

Solution: Add the environment variable before running the code: PYTHONIOENCODING=utf-8

Interactive Mode Not Working in Non-TTY Environment

Error like: EOF when reading a line

Solution: Use non-interactive mode to specify tasks directly, or switch to a TTY-mode terminal application.

Citation

If you find our work helpful, please cite the following papers:

@article{liu2024autoglm,
  title={Autoglm: Autonomous foundation agents for guis},
  author={Liu, Xiao and Qin, Bo and Liang, Dongzhu and Dong, Guang and Lai, Hanyu and Zhang, Hanchen and Zhao, Hanlin and Iong, Iat Long and Sun, Jiadai and Wang, Jiaqi and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2411.00820},
  year={2024}
}
@article{xu2025mobilerl,
  title={MobileRL: Online Agentic Reinforcement Learning for Mobile GUI Agents},
  author={Xu, Yifan and Liu, Xiao and Liu, Xinghan and Fu, Jiaqi and Zhang, Hanchen and Jing, Bohao and Zhang, Shudan and Wang, Yuting and Zhao, Wenyi and Dong, Yuxiao},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.18119},
  year={2025}
}